内蒙古扎鲁特旗地区更新世地层划分   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

丁秋红  王杰  李晓海  姚玉来  宗文明  郜晓勇  李文博 《中国地质调查》2015,2(7):24-29

根据孢粉组合特征及光释光测年结果,对分布在内蒙古东南部的第四系更新统做了进一步的划分和研究。研究结果表明,主要分布在内蒙古东南部的中更新统风积物,岩性为黄色亚砂土,含钙质结核,发育柱状节理,区域上称乌尔吉组,含Artemisia-Ephedra-Pinus孢粉组合,光释光测年结果为(40.4±1.9)~(110.0±7.5)ka; 下更新统沉积物,岩性为红褐色亚砂土及亚黏土,含钙质结核、砂砾透镜体,区域上称为赤峰黄土,含Artemisia-Polygonum-Betula孢粉组合,光释光测年结果为（200.9±9.6）~（220.4±13.2）ka。上述2套地层在内蒙古东南部广泛分布,更新世地层的划分为内蒙古东南部地区的第四系地层划分对比研究提供了基础地质资料。  相似文献   

末次冰盛期时吉兰泰盐湖的湖泊状态与古气候特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

贾宛娜  黄小忠  范育新  彭卫  刘思丝  陈发虎 《中国沙漠》2015,35(3):602-609

通过现代季风边缘区的吉兰泰盐湖钻孔JLT11-A孔沉积岩芯的矿物分析,结合地层盘星藻的含量探讨末次冰盛期(LGM)时湖泊的状态和古气候特征。结果显示:在LGM时吉兰泰湖泊沉积矿物主要是石英、长石为主的碎屑岩沉积,含量在85%左右,显示出陆源碎屑矿物的高输入状态,可能指示区域寒冷干旱的环境;其次是以方解石为主的碳酸盐的沉积,含量约为10%;氯化物为主的石盐类矿物一般不足5%,但持续存在,指示湖泊仍然有较高的盐度,因此地层中的淡水藻类盘星藻可能是由河流输入。由于陆源碎屑矿物输入强烈,矿物组合可能难以直接指示吉兰泰盐湖湖水状态。区域的干冷的气候与大多数的古气候记录一致,而与新疆西部的冷湿的环境不同。对比邻近区域的古气候研究结果发现,本区域在LGM时段夏季降水相对于冰消期偏多,而相对于MIS3阶段晚期偏少,整体夏季风减弱。吉兰泰盐湖末次冰盛期到末次冰消期以来矿物组合的变化表明,湖泊环境可能受到夏季太阳辐射、全球与区域温度变化以及夏季风强弱变化的影响。  相似文献   

粒度分布的端元建模分析及检验:以“吉兰泰—河套”盆地西部DK-12钻孔晚第四纪沉积物为例^*          下载免费PDF全文

牟雪松  马俊  王永达  范育新 《古地理学报》2018,20(3):489-500

端元建模分析能够从复杂的多峰分布特征的沉积物中提取出具有不同沉积动力过程的端元,但是,由于沉积物的粒度分布还受到沉积环境等多种因素的影响,该方法的有效性及获得的端元组分的地质意义有待其他环境代用指标的进一步检验。以位于“吉兰泰—河套”盆地西部磴口次级隆起区的DK-12钻孔晚第四纪沉积物为例,采用BEMMA算法对该钻孔沉积物的粒度资料进行了端元建模分析,并以黏土矿物组合和前人的孢粉组合数据作为检验指标,结合该地区的区域地质背景,对获得的4个端元进行了综合检验分析,认为获得的沉积物粒度端元具有明确的地质意义,其中EM 1为远源粉尘、EM 2为近源的风成沙、EM 3和EM 4为河流冲积沙。  相似文献   

The Pushtashan juvenile suprasubduction zone assemblage of Kurdistan (northeastern Iraq): A Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Neo-Tethys missing link     

Sabah A. Ismail  Sarmad A. Ali  Allen P. Nutman  Vickie C. Bennett  Brain G. Jones 《地学前缘(英文版)》2017,8(5):1073-1087

The Pushtashan suprasubduction zone assemblage of volcanic rocks, gabbros, norites and peridotites occurs in the Zagros suture zone, Kurdistan region, northeastern Iraq. Volcanic rocks are dominant in the assemblage and consist mainly of basalt and basaltic andesite flows with interlayered red shale and limestone horizons. Earlier lavas tend to be MORB-like, whereas later lavas display island arc tholeiite to boninitic geochemical characteristics. Tholeiitic gabbros intrude the norites and display fractionation trends typical of crystallisation under low-pressure conditions, whereas the norites display calc-alkaline traits, suggesting their source included mantle metasomatised by fluids released from subducted oceanic crust. Enrichment of Rb, Ba, Sr, Th and the presence of negative Nb anomalies indicate generation in a suprasubduction zone setting. Trondhjemite and granodiorite intrusions are present in the volcanic rocks, gabbros and norites. SHRIMP U-Pb dating of magmatic zircons from a granodiorite yields a mean~(206)Pb/~(238)U age of 96.0 ±2.0 Ma(Cenomanian). The initial ε_(Hf) value for the zircons show a narrow range from +12.8 to+15.6, with a weighted mean of + 13.90±0.96. This initial value is within error of model depleted mantle at 96 Ma or slightly below that, in the field of arc rocks with minimal contamination by older continental crust. The compositional bimodality of the Pushtashan suprasubduction sequence suggests seafloor spreading during the initiation of subduction, with a lava stratigraphy from earlyerupted MORB transitioning into calc-alkaline lavas and finally by 96 Ma intrusion of granodioritic and trondhjemitic bodies with juvenile crustal isotopic signatures. The results confirm another Cretaceous arc remnant preserved as an allochthon within the Iraqi segment of the Cenozoic Zagros suture zone. Implications for the closure of Neo-Tethys are discussed.  相似文献   

辽宁北部秀水盆地秀D1井孢粉组合及其地层意义   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

丁秋红  陈树旺  李晓海  李文博  姚玉来 《地质通报》2017,36(8):1305-1318

孢粉化石采自辽宁省北部秀水盆地的秀D1井,分析、鉴定和系统研究结果表明,来自秀D1井井深62.1~1089.7m的孢粉化石自下而上划分为3个孢粉组合,下部孢粉组合(井深703.85~1089.7m)以Osmundacidites-Klukisporites-Podocarpidites为代表,地质时代为晚侏罗世堤塘期(Tithonian),中部孢粉组合(井深381.5~699.3m)以Densoisporites-Cicatricosisporites-Piceaepollenites为代表,地质时代为早白垩世贝里阿斯期(Berriassian),上部孢粉组合(井深62.1~339m)以Cicatricosisporites-Impardecispora-Pinuspollenites为代表,地质时代为早白垩世凡兰吟期—欧特里夫期(Valanginian-Hauterivian)。秀D1井钻遇地层所含孢粉组合特征在区域上可以与冀北地区大北沟组,辽宁西部地区下白垩统义县组、九佛堂组,松辽盆地东南缘下白垩统火石岭组、沙河子组所产的孢粉组合对比。含孢粉组合地层时代的确定解决了井柱地层的划分,以及与区域地层的对比关系,同时为区域地层古生物研究提供了翔实的基础资料。  相似文献   

An ichnological-assemblage approach to reservoir heterogeneity assessment in bioturbated strata: Insights from the Lower Cretaceous Viking Formation,Alberta, Canada     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Facies-scale trends in porosity and permeability are commonly mapped for reservoir models and flow simulation; however, these trends are too broad to capture bed and bed-set heterogeneity, and there is a need to up-scale detailed, bed-scale observations, especially in low-permeability reservoir intervals. Here we utilize sedimentology and ichnology at the bed- and bedset-scale to constrain the range of porosity and permeability that can be expected within facies of the Lower Cretaceous Viking Formation of south-central, Alberta, Canada.Three main facies were recognized, representing deposition from the middle shoreface to the upper offshore. Amalgamated, hummocky cross-stratified sandstone facies (Facies S_HCS) consist of alternations between intensely bioturbated beds and sparsely bioturbated/laminated beds. Trace fossil assemblages in bioturbated beds of Facies S_HCS are attributable to the archetypal Skolithos Ichnofacies, and are morphologically characterized by vertical, sand-filled shafts (VSS). Bioturbated beds show poor reservoir properties (max: 10% porosity, mean: 85.1 mD) compared to laminated beds (max 20% porosity, mean: 186 mD). Bioturbated muddy sandstone facies (Facies S_B) represent trace fossil assemblages primarily attributable to the proximal expression of the Cruziana Ichnofacies. Four ichnological assemblages occur in varying proportions, namely sediment-churning assemblages (SC), horizontal sand-filled tube assemblages (HSF), VSS assemblages, and mud-filled, lined, or with spreiten (MLS) assemblages. Ichnological assemblages containing horizontal (max: 30% porosity, mean: 1.28 mD) or vertical sand-filled burrows (max: 10% porosity, mean: 2.2 mD) generally have better reservoir properties than laminated beds (max: 20% porosity, mean: 0.98 mD). Conversely, ichnological assemblages that consist of muddy trace fossils have lower porosity and permeability (max 10% porosity, mean: 0.89 mD). Highly bioturbated, sediment churned fabrics have only slightly higher porosity and permeability overall (max: 15% porosity, mean: 1.29 mD). Bioturbated sandy mudstone facies (Facies M_B) contain ichnofossils representing an archetypal expression of the Cruziana Ichnofacies. Four ichnological assemblages occur throughout Facies M_B that are similar to Facies S_B; SC, HSF, VSS, and MLS assemblages. The SC (max: 15% porosity, mean: 21.67 mD), HSF (max: 20% porosity, mean: 3.79 mD), and VSS (max: 25% porosity, mean: 7.35 mD) ichnological assemblages have similar or slightly lower values than the laminated beds (max: 20% porosity, mean: 10.7 mD). However, MLS assemblages have substantially lower reservoir quality (max: 10% porosity, mean: 0.66 mD).Our results indicate that the most likely occurrence of good reservoir characteristics in bioturbated strata exists in sand-filled ichnological assemblages. This is especially true within the muddy upper offshore to lower shoreface, where vertically-oriented trace fossils can interconnect otherwise hydraulically isolated laminated sandstone beds; this improves vertical fluid transmission. The results of this work largely corroborate previous findings about ichnological impacts on reservoir properties. Unlike previous studies, however, we demonstrate that the characteristics of the ichnological assemblage, such as burrow form and the nature of burrow fill, also play an important role in determining reservoir characteristics. It follows that not all bioturbated intervals (attributed to the same facies) should be treated equally. When upscaling bed-scale observations to the reservoir, a range of possible permeability-porosity values can be tested for model sensitivity and to help determine an appropriate representative elementary volume.  相似文献   

广西钦州湾外湾表层沉积硅藻分布特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

黄玥 《海洋科学》2017,41(1):96-103

本文对钦州湾外湾54个表层沉积物中硅藻进行分析,鉴定出硅藻153种,分属50属。其中Thalassionema nitzschioides是本区域内最为丰富的硅藻种类。对应分析结果表明,钦州湾表层沉积硅藻分布主要受到海水盐度的影响,其中淡水硅藻Achnanthes delicatula、A.hauckiana、A.levanderi和Cocconeis disculus可以作为低盐度海水环境的指示种,半咸水种Cyclotella striata/C.stylorum、Paralia sulcata与海洋中硅藻Thalassionema frauenfeldii、T.nitzschioides则可以很好的指示高盐度环境。钦州湾外湾54个表层沉积站位可划分为3个硅藻分布区,分别对应高低不同的海水盐度,与实际站位地理分布基本一致。  相似文献   

西藏拉萨桑达地区第四纪植硅体组合特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

陈陵康  郭建秋  顾延生  陈海霞 《地理科学》2008,28(3):402-406

测制西藏拉萨桑达乡第四系剖面,系统采集并分析植硅体样品,根据植硅体的形态分类及组合、温暖指数等特征,划分为5个植硅体组合带:Ⅰ为齿型-平滑棒型、石屑型、网脊块状,反映气温温凉;Ⅱ为长方型-平滑棒型、多面体型,气候转暖;Ⅲ为长方型、齿型-平滑棒型组合带,气候干旱; Ⅳ为长方型-亚铃型、齿型-平滑棒型、多面体型组合带,气候温暖潮湿;Ⅴ为齿型、帽型-平滑棒型、多面体型、石屑组合带,显示气候寒冷。探讨拉萨桑达地区第四纪古植被 、古环境。  相似文献   

Sinohyliopsis schlegeli珍珠层中Si、Mn、Fe和Sr离子的微生物固定化和环境因素     

Kazue Tazaki Issei Morii 《地学前缘》2008,15(6):54-65

在日本Ishikawa Prefecture的Kanazawa大学进行了为期8个月的排水池培养实验,利用特征水和营养元素的基本因素对Sinohyliopsis schlegeli贝壳珍珠质所记录的环境变化进行观察。在2007年5月份到11月份之间,每个月向贝壳珍珠质注入四环素作为指示剂。定期测量水质,诸如pH、氧化还原势、电导率、溶解氧以及水温,通过过滤法除掉水中悬浮固体并进行光学显微镜和荧光X射线分析以及扫描电镜 能量色散X射线观察(SEM EDX)。对贝壳珍珠质的X射线荧光化学分析表明那些富含四环素的层对应高含量的Si、Mn、Fe和Sr离子。氧化还原势和溶解氧分析都证明在珍珠质中存在层。排水池中悬浮物质主要由Si、Mn和Fe元素组成,这与2007年夏季贝壳珍珠层的生物固定化中所涉及的元素一致。SEM EDX分析证明离子来自Siderocapsa sp.和Gallionella ferruginea硅藻的胃部。冬季几乎没有发生离子的生物固定化。结果表明在层化的贝壳珍珠质中存在元素的固定化,Sinohyliopsis schlegeli 在夏季以离子为食来生长珍珠质。具有这些生物氧化物的Sinohyliopsis schlegeli可能对自然界水体中重金属的清除有一定的贡献。  相似文献   

松辽盆地南部黑帝庙地区油气成藏模式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨光  苗红波  郭巍  刘万洙  徐良 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2007,37(4):734-738

应用生物标记化合物m/z191萜烷、藿烷系列和m/z217甾烷系列进行了油源对比,证实下白垩统姚家组葡萄花油层油气来源于上覆地层嫩江组一段,嫩一段烃源岩生成的油气通过断裂运移到该油层。属于上生下储的组合型式,断裂是油气藏形成的主控因素,形成构造-岩性油气藏类型是其主要的成藏模式,该层是黑帝庙地区今后勘探的主要目的层。精细研究姚家组的断裂、低幅度构造与砂体间的配置关系,是今后突破该油层油气勘探的关键。  相似文献